Location of Palopo in Sulawesi
Location of Palopo in Indonesia
Coordinates: 
3°0′S 120°12′E
Country 3°0′S 120°12′E
IndonesiaProvince South Sulawesi
Founded c. 1620
Population (2005)
• Total 129,273
Time zone WITA (UTC+8)
Area code(s) +62 471
Palopo or Kota Palopo is the capital of regency Luwu and the third-largest city in the province of South Sulawesi in Indonesia. The population of the city is 129,273.
History
Palopo was founded c. 1620, probably under the second Muslim ruler of Luwu, Sultan Abdullah Muhiddin, who is buried at Malangke, the former palace centre of Luwu. His momental grave, which was carved with Majapahit-style floral decorations, was destroyed by Kahar Muzakkar rebels in the 1950s: nothing today remains except the location. The advantage of Palopo over the former palace centre was the potential for trade with theToraja-speaking Seko-Rongkong valleys. The town sits at the foot of a steep, winding pass which leads into the highland regions. In the late 19th century this trade consisted primarily of coffee and slaves. Gold panned from upland rivers may also have been an attraction. Dammar was an important export in the later period.
Little is known of Palopo before the Dutch annexation of South Sulawesi in 1905. The only Western visitor to have left an account of the town was James Brook (later Rajah of Sarawak), who described it in the 1830s as 'a miserable town, consisting of about 300 houses, scattered and dilapidated'. It is the location of South Sulawesi's oldest mosque. Built from blocks of white coral, with a three-tiered roof representing the ancient Austronesian cosmos, the Mesjid Jami' is said to have been built during the reign of Sultan Abdullah. It has a 19th-century dedicatory inscription behind one of its doors, presumably reflecting a restoration. The royal graveyard lies to the north at Lokkoe and contains pyramidical stone mausolea in which lie the remains of Luwu's 17th to 20th-century rulers.
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